Storyboard Artist - Animation


Storyboard Artists interpret scripts and sketched ideas in order to create storyboards. They work closely with the Director and, possibly, with the Scriptwriter, Producer, Client or Storyboard Supervisor, to visualise and tell the story. 

Responsibilities
Storyboard Artists illustrate the narrative, plan shots, and draw panels to demonstrate action and maintain continuity between scenes. They may need to revise and update their work to reflect a changing script or comments from the Director, Producer, Client, etc. 

Storyboard Artists may be required to prepare the storyboards for production, including indications of dialogue, character performance and camera moves, and could be asked to produce their work either as rough or cleaned up drawings, depending on the requirements of a particular production. For example, clean panels are less likely to be required for a Computer Generated film, where tight drawings of a character may not be relevant; however, on a television project where all the animation is being produced overseas, it may be necessary to present the characters very accurately. Storyboards being produced for animation overseas must usually be on model (in style), and include absolute attention to detail and very clear written directions. 

Storyboard Artists need to be aware of any relevant technical or budgetary restrictions related to the production, and they are responsible for delivering the storyboard on schedule.

Skills
Above all else, Storyboard Artists must be able to tell a good story. To achieve this, they must be film literate, with a good understanding of layout, composition, sequential drawing and editing. They need to be able to work either independently or as part of a team. They should be able to take direction, and also be prepared to make changes to their work. 

For certain projects Storyboard Artists need excellent drawing skills and the ability to adapt to a wide range of styles. They must be able to follow established designs and produce consistent work, drawn on model. 

Good communication and presentation skills are essential. Depending on the project, basic computer literacy and familiarity with relevant storyboard software may be required.

Qualifications/Experience
Storyboard Artists come from many backgrounds and their talent is often instinctive. Many have graduated from Animation degree courses, during which they will have acquired a basic understanding of film theory on which to build as their career progresses. 

All Animation courses, regardless of any specialist technique, should include storyboarding as part of the syllabus; and a student will have gained some understanding by producing a storyboard for a personal or graduation film.

While still at college, they may have already discovered that the part of the animation process that interests them most is storyboarding during the pre-production phase, or they may discover that this is their preference as they progress through various animation roles. Many Animation Storyboard Artists have been Animators, or they may still alternate between the two roles; others come from the layout department.

It is unlikely that a new graduate will find work immediately as a Storyboard Artist; it is more probable that they have worked their way through part of the animation studio system. Graduates from Art courses, such as Graphics or Illustration, who have an interest in film technique and story telling, could follow the same career path. Some live action Storyboard Artists move into animation, but it should be noted that the skills developed for commercials do not necessarily apply to longer format productions.

Storyboard Assistant - Animation


The role of Storyboard Assistant only exists on certain types of production and can be a suitable entry level job. The work varies greatly depending on the requirements of the particular project, and on the Storyboard Artist's working methods.

In most cases, Storyboard Assistants clean up Storyboard Artists' rough drawings, ensuring they are on model (in style), preparing the panels for the next stage of production and generally assisting the Storyboard Artist. They may be asked to fill in background details, or to add secondary characters to panels where the Storyboard Artist may have indicated only part of the action.

Whether a storyboard remains in rough, or if it needs to be cleaned up, depends on the requirements of the particular production. For example, clean drawings are less likely to be required for a Computer Generated film, where tight drawings of a character may not be relevant; however, on a television project where all the animation is being produced overseas, it may be necessary to present the characters very accurately.

Storyboard Assistants may be required to scan the drawn panels into a computer in preparation for editing.


Responsibilities
Storyboard Assistants are responsible for either cleaning up existing panels, or for completing partly drawn panels, as directed by the Storyboard Artist or Storyboard Supervisor. They must deliver accurate work on brief and on time and, towards the end of a schedule, may work long hours.


Skills
Storyboard Assistants must be able to take direction and work as part of a team. Depending on the project, excellent drawing skills and the ability to adapt to a range of styles may be required. Knowledge of relevant software (e.g. Photoshop or various graphics and editing packages) may also be necessary.

Good communication and presentation skills are required in order to progress within the Storyboard Department. Storyboard Assistants must respect studios' working practices and discretion may be required if they are working on a confidential project. They must understand the disciplines required to produce clear story boards from which other people can work.


Qualifications/Experience
Entry level Storyboard Assistants are usually Art, Animation, or Film graduates, but opportunities may also exist for Runners with the appropriate talents to be promoted to Storyboard Assistant. When applying for a job, it is necessary to show a portfolio which demonstrates good drawing skills and a range of styles.

Show-reels or personal storyboards, which demonstrate a talent for storytelling and film structure, are also expected from Animation or Film graduates. Graduates from Art courses, such as Graphic Design or Illustration, need to concentrate on acquiring storytelling and film theory skills once they are working; however, employers may expect Animation graduates to already be able to demonstrate some understanding of these areas .

When these jobs are available, they are particularly suitable for people with a special interest in pre-production, who enjoy telling a story and hope to become a Storyboard Artist. Candidates without degree qualifications, but with the appropriate passion and a portfolio of good drawings, may also be considered for work at this level.


Storyboard Assistant - Animation

Runner (Animation)


This is usually an entry-level role in Animation studios. Runners are employed on low salaries, and are expected to cover a multitude of, sometimes menial, tasks. They are often a combination of handyman/woman, production office dogsbody, relief receptionist and messenger. However, many people with successful careers in all aspects of animation started their careers as Runners.

This route into the animation industry has nurtured the potential of many individuals, and produced some very talented practitioners who may otherwise never have had a chance to progress in the industry. While working in this role, Runners can demonstrate their abilities, prove that they have a good attitude, and discover where their main interest or talent lies.

Depending on their aptitude, skills and interests, Runners may be promoted to junior or training roles in Editing, Camera, Animation, Model Building, Scanning, Digital Colouring, Digital Compositing, Rendering, or in the Production Office, among many other departments.
Responsibilities

Runners provide support and backup wherever it might be required within the studio, but particularly at the request of the Production Office or Editing Department, and it can be very varied work. They check and, where possible, maintain studio equipment, including carrying out 'housekeeping', or office management duties, such as replacing batteries or light bulbs; fixing chairs; hanging pictures on walls; keeping track of materials and ordering new supplies; keeping the kitchen and other areas clean, tidy and well stocked; making tea or coffee, etc.

In some studios they may carry out certain administrative duties, e.g. running the petty cash, banking cheques, collecting and checking time sheets, labelling tapes, keeping the showreel and reference library, etc. There may be some overlap with the work of the Production Secretary, Receptionist and Editing Assistant, so that the Runner can provide cover if required. They run errands, pick up transfers from sound studios and facility houses and carry out a multitude of other tasks, but should also be watching and learning all the time.

Skills

Runners must be bright, helpful, presentable, articulate and have basic literacy, numeracy and communication skills. It is helpful if they already have an interest in animation and, to get the most out of their time in the job, they need to develop an understanding of the production process. Runners must be able to cope under pressure, accept instructions from all quarters, show initiative and problem solving skills, respond quickly to requests and know how to prioritise their tasks.

Qualifications/Experience

In general, there are no requirements for Runners to possess degrees or other academic or training qualifications. However, this is often a practical route into a studio for graduates of Animation degree courses or comparable Art, Computer or other technical courses. Most companies are more interested in the attitude and personality of applicants but a promising showreel, or a portfolio which demonstrates their talent and abilities, may improve the chances of success. Working as a Runner offers not only the opportunity to learn how a studio operates, but also the time for both Runner and employer to assess their strengths and to discuss the job roles which may suit them best.

source: click here

Runners in Animation


Animation requires great craft and therefore encourages an 'apprenticeship' approach where people who have had some training in animation learn from their more experienced colleagues.

‘Apprentices' enter the business as Production Assistants and are usually required to have some skill in drawing, digital imaging or model making. However the largest companies that deal with a wider range of clients employ full–time Runners. Some of the larger studios also offer on–the–job training to Runners.

Runners are seen as an extra pair of hands and spend most of their time in the office or delivering and collecting materials. The experience that a Runner gains, especially during a busy production period, is an invaluable foundation for a career in animation production.

There are also opportunities for Runners who want to work in animation post production with companies such as The Mill or Moving Picture Company, although opportunities to progress into more specialised areas, such as 3D, are rare.

The Animation Directory, published by by Wildfire Communications in association with BECTU, has more information about the companies working in this sector. They also produce a quarterly magazine Imagine.

The trade press that covers animation includes Televisual and Creative Review.

Runners say
  • "It's fantastic to work on a feature film - it's such an enormous project, and you start to see how everything fits together and find out about the different jobs."
  • "Everything has to be documented. I'm learning to be quite organised, but I realise that management is not for me."
  • "I started on a three month contract, with a few days handover, which was mainly dedicated to learning all the back routes in Bristol."
  • "I worked in the admin office of a department store on Saturdays whilst I was studying. It's proved invaluable."
  • "I loved the model-making side and spent more and more of my free time there. Now I'm hoping to get a junior assistant job."
  • "I've decided to do a scriptwriting course following my running experience - I learnt a lot about the importance of storytelling."

Animator - All Information

As an animator, you would bring drawings or models to life on screen. Your work could be used in animated short and full-length films, television cartoons, adverts, computer games, music videos, websites and movie visual effects.
You could specialise in one of the following animation techniques:
  • 2-D hand-drawn, or traditional
  • 2-D computer-generated
  • 3-D computer-generated (known as ‘CGI')
  • stop-frame, stop-motion or model animation.
Producing an animation involves many stages and processes, from generating ideas to building models and editing the final piece. Each stage can involve several specific tasks and job roles, such as the following:
  • development stage – directors and producers create ideas, plan the project and find funding
  • pre-production – production designers create the look; storyboard artists take the script or ideas and show the story in a visual way; layout artists draw how each shot will look
  • production – digital painters touch up colours; animators and modellers follow the storyboard and use computer or stop-frame animation to create movement and personality
  • lighting, texturing and compositing – texture artists 'paint' colour and texture onto digital models to make them lifelike; compositors join the different layers of animation (backgrounds, special effects, characters and graphics); various editors add the soundtrack and produce the finished piece.
Working on a smaller project might mean that you cover several of these jobs, particularly during the production stage. On large or long-running productions, you could be part of a team of animators and assistants working on one stage for several weeks, months or even years.
See the Animation section of Skillset’s website for more detailed information about how an animation is made, and about specific animation job roles.
Hours
For many jobs you will work standard office hours, Monday to Friday, but overtime and unsocial hours may sometimes be necessary to meet deadlines.
The work can be office- or studio-based, depending on your role and the type of animation.
In stop-motion animation you may spend a lot of time on your feet adjusting models. In other types of animation, you would spend most of your time sitting at a computer or drawing board.
Income
Starting salaries are around £20,000 a year.
With more experience and skills, earnings are usually around £30,000 to £40,000.
You may also earn a bonus at the end of a project, particularly in the computer games industry.
Freelance animators are usually paid a fee for each contract or project. Rates can vary based on your track record and the type of production. Contact the Broadcasting Entertainment Cinematograph and Theatre Union (BECTU) for current pay guidelines.
Figures are intended as a guideline only.
Entry Requirements
To become an animator, you will need skills in drawing, modelling or using computer animation packages. Some animators are self-taught, but many start by taking an animation or art-related course to develop their skills before looking for work.
Several colleges and universities offer foundation degrees, BTEC HNDs, degrees and postgraduate courses in animation. The most useful courses include practical skills and work placements. See Skillset’s website for details of industry-endorsed animation courses. You should check content and entry requirements carefully to make sure that the course is right for you.
You could also get into the industry with qualifications in other relevant subjects such as:
  • illustration
  • graphic design
  • computer programming
  • model making or sculpture
  • 3-D design
  • multimedia design.
You would often start as a studio runner – you don't need qualifications to work in this role, although in practice many people who start at this level are graduates. You could then progress to junior roles like storyboard assistant, digital painter, inbetweener or assistant animator. Follow the links below to read more details about what these jobs involve.
  • Skillset – Studio Runner
  • Skillset – Storyboard Assistant
  • Skillset – Digital Painter
  • Skillset – Inbetweener
Employers always want to see proof of your talent and creativity, so you will need a ‘showreel’ DVD or online portfolio of your best animation work and ideas to show them.
You could also show commitment to joining the industry by entering animation competitions and festivals, and sending short animated films or ideas to broadcasters.
Training and Development
Most of your training would be on the job, learning from more experienced animators.
You should keep up to date with developments in the animation industry throughout your career. It will be useful to learn more software packages that are relevant to your job, for example:
  • 3ds Max
  • Flash
  • Maya
  • Action Script
  • Motionbuilder
  • Lightwave 3D
  • After Effects.
Many other packages are available, and some companies also create software to meet their own needs. Your employer may organise some training courses for you, or you may be responsible for your own training and development.
You can take short courses in various animation software packages and techniques at several film schools, universities and private training companies. Visit Skillset’s website to search for courses.
With experience and advanced skills, you can progress from junior roles to become an animator, lead animator and animation director.
Skills and Knowledge
  • creativity and imagination
  • good drawing or modelling skills
  • patience and concentration
  • accuracy and attention to detail
  • good computer skills, preferably including graphics and animation software
  • communication and presentation skills
  • the ability to work under pressure and meet deadlines
  • good teamworking skills.
Opportunities
You could work for large or small animation studios, computer games developers, interactive media designers or post-production houses (producing animated film and TV titles and credits). Freelance fixed-term contracts are common.
The main centres for animation in the UK are London, Bristol, Cardiff, Dundee and Manchester. CGI is the fastest-growing sector of animation, but there is still a demand for people with good drawing skills. The more skills you can offer, the more employment options you will have.
Jobs are sometimes advertised on specialist industry websites, although many jobs are not advertised as it is common to find work through networking.


Animator - All Information